Describe the difference between "hardwired" and "wireless" access control systems.

The distinction between hardwired and wireless access control systems primarily lies in how they establish their connections. Hardwired systems utilize physical connections, which means they rely on cables and wiring to link various components such as access control panels, card readers, and locks directly to a central control system. This type of connection generally provides a stable and secure method of communication, as signals travel through dedicated paths that are less susceptible to interference.

On the other hand, wireless systems employ radio signals for communication between components. This approach eliminates the need for extensive wiring, allowing for more flexible installations, particularly in environments where running cables may be impractical or too costly. Wireless systems often rely on batteries to power their components, which can facilitate easier placement and installation but may require regular maintenance to ensure battery life.

This makes the correct answer accurate, as it clearly outlines how hardwired systems establish connections through physical means, while wireless systems depend on the transmission of data via radio waves.